Wednesday, April 29, 2026

Saint of the Day for Thursday

 

St. Pius V, Pope




Pope from 1566-1572 and one of the foremost leaders of the Catholic Reformation. Born Antonio Ghislieri in Bosco, Italy, to a poor family, he labored as a shepherd until the age of fourteen and then joined the Dominicans, being ordained in 1528. Called Brother Michele, he studied at Bologna and Genoa and then taught theology and philosophy for sixteen years before holding the posts of master of novices and prior for several Dominican houses. Named inquisitor for Como and Bergamo, he was so capable in the fulfillment of his office that by 1551, and at the urging of the powerful Cardinal Carafa, he was named by Pope Julius III commissary general of the Inquisition. In 1555, Carafa was elected Pope Paul IV and was responsible for Ghislieri’s swift rise as a bishop of Nepi and Sutri in 1556, cardinal in 1557, and grand inquisitor in 1558. While out of favor for a time under Pope Pius IV who disliked his reputation for excessive zeal, Ghislieri was unanimously elected a pope in succession to Pius on January 7, 1566. As pope, Pius saw his main objective as the continuation of the massive program of reform for the Church, in particular the full implementation of the decrees of the Council of Trent. He published the Roman Catechism, the revised Roman Breviary, and the Roman Missal; he also declared Thomas Aquinas a Doctor of the Church, commanded a new edition of the works of Thomas Aquinas, and created a commission to revise the Vulgate. The decrees of Trent were published throughout all Catholic lands, including Europe, Asia, Africa, and the New World, and the pontiff insisted on their strict adherence. In 1571, Pius created the Congregation of the Index to give strength to the Church’s resistance to Protestant and heretical writings, and he used the Inquisition to prevent any Protestant ideas from gaining a foot hold in Italy. In dealing with the threat of the Ottoman Turks who were advancing steadily across the Mediterranean, Pius organized a formidable alliance between Venice and Spain, culminating in the Battle of Lepanto, which was a complete and shattering triumph over the Turks. The day of the victory was declared the Feast Day of Our Lady of Victory in recognition of Our Lady’s intercession in answer to the saying of the Rosary all over Catholic Europe. Pius also spurred the reforms of the Church by example. He insisted upon wearing his coarse Dominican robes, even beneath the magnificent vestments worn by the popes, and was wholeheartedly devoted to the religious life. His reign was blemished only by the continuing oppression of the Inquisition; the often-brutal treatment of the Jews of Rome; and the ill-advised decision to excommunicate Queen Elizabeth I of England in February 1570, an act which also declared her deposed and which only worsened the plight of English Catholics. These were overshadowed in the view of later generations by his contributions to the Catholic Reformation. Pope Clement beatified him on May 1, 1672, and Pope Clement XI canonized him on May 22, 1712.

Even prominent U.S. Catholic Church can't agree on just war doctrine

 

Views vary among prominent U.S. Catholic clergy on ‘just war’ pronouncements

One of the U.S. Church’s most prominent public figures contends that it’s not the role of the Church’s leaders to make a final determination about whether a particular war is just or not.




Father Gerald Murray (left) and Bishop Robert Barron. | Credit: “The World Over with Raymond Arroyo”/Screenshot; Daniel Ibañez/EWTN News


Ken Oliver-Méndez
April 28, 2026 at 1:39 PM ET

While various leading U.S. prelates have taken the position that the U.S. war with Iran fails to meet the Churchʼs classic just war criteria, opinion on the matter is not unanimous.

In recent days, one of the countryʼs most prominent bishops in the public arena, Bishop Robert Barron of Winona-Rochester, Minnesota, contended that itʼs not even the role of the Churchʼs leaders to make a final determination about whether a particular war is just or not.

“The role of the Church,” Barron wrote in an X post on April 20, “is to call for peace and to urge that any conflict be strictly circumscribed by the moral constraints of the just war criteria,” which is outlined in the Catechism of the Catholic Church (No. 2309).

However, he continued, “it is not the role of the Church to evaluate whether a particular war is just or unjust.” To buttress his argument, Barron cited the catechism’s explicit “just war” doctrine teaching (No. 2309) that “the evaluation of these conditions for moral legitimacy belongs to the prudential judgment of those who have responsibility for the common good.”

“So, is the war in question truly the last resort?” Barron asked, referencing just war criteria. “Is there really a balance between the good to be attained and the destruction caused by the war? Are combatants and noncombatants being properly distinguished in the waging of the conflict? Do the belligerents have right intention? Is there a reasonable hope of success? The posing of those questions — indeed the insistence upon their moral relevance — belongs rightly to the Church, but the answering of them belongs to the civil authorities,” he concluded.

Meanwhile, other clergy with significant public influence, such as Archdiocese of New York priest Father Gerald Murray, a former U.S. Navy chaplain, hold outright that the U.S. military action against Iran does qualify as a just war.

In an extensive appraisal of the situation in the light of just war teaching, Murray wrote in The Free Press that “the justice of the United States attack on Iran is confirmed by the Iranian regime’s admissions.”

Murray cited U.S. negotiator Steve Witkoff, who revealed that in the days just prior to the outbreak of the war “both Iranian negotiators said to us [Witkoff and fellow U.S. negotiator Jared Kushner] directly with, you know, no shame, that they controlled 460 kilograms of 60% [enriched uranium] and they’re aware that that could make 11 nuclear bombs, and that was the beginning of their negotiating stance.” The Iranian negotiators told their U.S. counterparts, Witkoff continued, that “they had the inalienable right to enrich all their nuclear fuel that they possessed.”

“A nuclear-armed Iran with ballistic missiles is an imminent threat to the United States, Israel, and many other countries,” Murray said.

“The advanced state of uranium enrichment meant that the United States and Israel faced an imminent threat. The clear intent of the Iranian regime to build nuclear weapons has not changed. Given that, it was just for the United States and Israel to attack Iran in order to eliminate the nuclear threat,” Murray affirmed, calling the joint military action “an act of protection, rather than aggression, under just war theory.”

Murray also pointed out that the negotiations that preceded the attack on Iran “show the length to which the United States was willing to go to avoid war — evidence that the strike was a last resort.”

Furthermore, he noted that when Witkoff and Kushner told the Iranian negotiators that the United States would provide non-weapons-grade uranium to Iran for 10 years if it stopped pursuing nuclear weapons, they were rebuffed by the Iranians.

“They rejected that, which told us at that very moment that they had no notion of doing anything other than retaining enrichment for the purpose of weaponizing,” Witkoff recounted.

“I do believe this is a just war precisely because of the nature of the threat that a nuclear-armed Iran poses to the United States, Israel, and its allies,” Murray said in a separate interview. “The just war criteria, in my opinion, does not require that we first absorb a nuclear attack before we can actually then respond to try to destroy their nuclear weapons.”

The U.S. and Israel attacked Iran in late February but have been in a ceasefire since April 8, which President Donald Trump extended indefinitely amid negotiations. No side has agreed to long-term peace.

Pope Leo XIV criticized the war and urged peace while Vatican Secretary of State Cardinal Pietro Parolin said the attack “does not seem to meet the conditions” of just war. 

On April 23, Leo doubled down on his opposition to war, saying he encourages “the continuation of dialogue for peace” amid the ceasefire negotiations. 

“As a pastor, I cannot be in favor of war, and I would like to encourage everyone to make every effort to seek responses that come from a culture of peace and not of hatred,” the Holy Father said.

Cross Catholic Outreach, a Popemobile becoming a Hopemobile and supporting the charitable works of Pope Leo XIV

 

Pope Leo XIV waves to the crowds in St. Peter's Square from aboard the popemobilePope Leo XIV waves to the crowds in St. Peter's Square from aboard the popemobile 

Cross Catholic Outreach supporting Popes' charitable outreach

Following the launch of an initiative promoted by the Dicastery for the Service of Charity to assist children affected by war, the President of Cross Catholic Outreach reflects on the charitable organization’s 25 years of service to the poor and vulnerable, and on its “Road Trip for Hope” project involving a popemobile donated by the Dicastery itself on behalf of the Pope.

By Deborah Castellano Lubov 

Before his death, Pope Francis entrusted one of the popemobiles to the Dicastery for the Service of Charity, asking that it be used for the benefit of the poor and vulnerable and continue to serve those most in need.

Today, that Popemobile will take part in a “Road Trip for Hope,” an initiative promoted and supported by the Dicastery headed by the papal almoner, Archbishop Luis Marín de San Martín, and made possible by the charitable organization "Cross Catholic Outreach".

As Michele Sagarino, President of the organization, told Vatican News shortly after greeting Pope Leo XIV at the conclusion of Wednesday’s General Audience, “Pope Francis entrusted his popemobile to be used after his death to serve the poor and vulnerable, and we are responding by bringing it across America to share the story of the Catholic faith and support children affected by war and conflict.”

Sagarino also explained that since its inception, Cross Catholic has worked in 90 countries and helped provide almost $5 billion worth of aid.

Cross Catholic Outreach's statutes have been given official canonical recognition by the Holy See. It has also supported the Popes' charitable outreach through the Pontifical Council Cor Unum, then the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development, and later directly with the papal almoner, the Dicastery for the Service of Charity.

'Hopemobile' tour across U.S. to help raise funds for children affected by war

"The popemobile has always represented the Holy Father’s closeness to people. Now it becomes a vehicle of charity, solidarity, and hope," Sagarino said.

She explained that they are taking Pope Francis’ popemobile, transforming it into the “Hopemobile,” and taking it on a road trip across America—3,700 miles from New York to California.

Along the way, Hallow, the largest Catholic prayer app in the world, will film a video series that will premiere on YouTube. Through live activations and the release of the series over several weeks, Cross Catholic plans to raise money for children around the world affected by war and to take inspiration from these “heroes of the faith” who sacrificed their entire lives for the sake of the Gospel.

Sagarino was joined by Fr. David Caron, OP, D.Min., Vice President of Spiritual, Cultural, and Staff Development; Sandi Pino, Chief of Staff; and Shannon Burns, Associate Director of Clergy and Diocesan Relations.

Supporting the Popes' charitable outreach

For decades, Cross Catholic Outreach has supported the charitable outreach of the Popes, and it continues to do so today.

Sagarino reflected on her encounter with Pope Leo, noting how providential it seemed that she and her leadership were at the General Audience following the Pope's recent Apostolic Journey, to which he dedicated his catechesis.

"It couldn't have been more appropriate for the work that Cross Catholic Outreach does—talking about his journey in Africa, being with those who are vulnerable, standing up for them, and also bringing the faith closer to them," she said. "I think that's very similar to what we do at Cross Catholic Outreach as well. So that was beautiful in itself, and then being able to meet the Pope and share all that Cross Catholic Outreach is doing around the world. We have worked since our inception in 90 countries and helped with almost $5 billion worth of aid."

She recalled that they helped Pope Leo's former Diocese of Chiclayo, Peru, and expressed their interest in continuing to work together to help the poor, vulnerable, and needy.

"Our mission statement is to mobilize the global church to transform the poor and their communities materially and spiritually for the glory of Jesus Christ," she said.

That aspect—working materially and spiritually together, "with God at the center"—is truly important to the organization.

As of 2026, she explained that Cross Catholic has hundreds of programs in nearly 35 countries, providing support with water, housing, education, microfinance, and other sectors, always keeping the spiritual dimension at the heart of their work.

Always based on Jesus Christ

"Our charity has the stamp of the Holy Father as we give aid across the world; his approval of being a true Catholic ministry providing aid through the Church," Sagarino explained. "What a beautiful honor that is."

"We continue to give and have helped with many disasters—from the Ukraine war, providing ambulances and medical aid, to food relief. We've also helped in Haiti; in Guatemala with a housing program; and in Kenya, where we helped build a large hospital—all at the request of the Pope. We provided the funds and continued support with many programs because we believe in long-term aid. It’s been a beautiful partnership both ways."

Meanwhile, Fr. Caron, OP, Vice President of Spiritual, Cultural, and Staff Development, spoke to Vatican News about Cross Catholic Outreach's mission and its support of the Pope's charitable work.

"For us, the work at Cross Catholic is really a concrete example of the corporal works of mercy—helping people build homes, providing water and housing. But we also partner with generous donors who know they are blessed and want to share their blessings with those less fortunate. So it's a win-win in many directions, but it’s always based on Jesus Christ."

Living out corporal works of mercy

Sandi Pino, Chief of Staff, reflected on the meaning of their work for the Church and the Pope.

"Our mission is to mobilize the global Catholic Church. I'm especially passionate about mobilizing parishes, schools, and families, whose hearts are transformed by the work we do together, so that we can transform the lives of the poor and their families in the developing world. I love seeing people of all ages come together to serve, to live out the corporal works of mercy, feeding the hungry and providing water to the thirsty."

She recalled visiting Africa with Michele Sagarino last year.

"It meant so much to meet families whose lives will be forever changed by not having to walk miles every day to get clean water—something we take for granted. I just love being part of this work that God has called us to, and being in Rome, this sacred, holy place, inspires us every time we visit."

Joy on the faces of little children

Shannon Burns, Associate Director of Clergy and Diocesan Relations, shared what he considers one of the organization's most heartwarming ministries.

"One of our most beautiful ministries is called 'Box of Joy.' It’s a ministry for children. Many poor children around the world have never received a Christmas present. Box of Joy is where families and parish groups donate toys, pack them in boxes, and ship them to developing countries."

Sagarino even presented one of these boxes to Pope Francis, sharing the charity's work on the frontlines.

"We brought a Box of Joy to share with him. Pope Francis was so excited to learn about this ministry," Burns recalled.

Nearly a million children have received Box of Joy gifts in nine countries, offering a joyful way to evangelize our Catholic faith.

"We put in a Rosary and a story of Jesus," Sagarino concluded. "Seeing children receive a gift for the very first time is incredible. Our Church is doing so much, and it's wonderful to see it in action. It's such a blessing."

Wednesday General Audience with Pope Leo XIV 04.29.2026

 

Pope at Audience: Africa journey was a message of peace in times of war

During his weekly General Audience, Pope Leo XIV recalls various highlights from his recent Apostolic Journey to Algeria, Cameroon, Angola, and Equatorial Guinea from April 13 to 23.

By Isabella H. de Carvalho

“I thank the Lord for granting me the opportunity” to undertake an Apostolic Journey across four African countries and “to experience it as a message of peace at a time in history marked by wars and serious and frequent violations of international law,” Pope Leo XIV said during the Wednesday General Audience in St. Peter’s Square on April 29.

Pope Leo visited Algeria, Cameroon, Angola, and Equatorial Guinea from April 13 to 23, where he followed in the footsteps of St. Augustine, appealed for peace in tension-filled areas, was welcomed by people singing, dancing, and cheering, and more.


“I cannot forget what happened in the prison in Bata, in Equatorial Guinea,” the Pope said in his catechesis, regarding one of the moments of his journey.

The Pope underlined how he undertook this visit as a “Shepherd, to meet and encourage the people of God.”

For the people of Africa, the Pope said his visit was “a chance to make their voices heard, to express the joy of being God’s people and the hope for a better future, of dignity for each and every one."

“I am happy to have given them this opportunity, and at the same time I thank the Lord for what they have given me, an inestimable treasure for my heart and my ministry,” he said, expressing his gratitude to the civil authorities and religious and Church representatives who welcomed him.

Algeria: Crossing and strengthening bridges

Pope Leo XIV’s first stop was in Algeria, where he followed in the footsteps of his spiritual father, St. Augustine, and also met with the minority Catholic community and representatives of other religions.  


“I found myself, on the one hand, revisiting the roots of my spiritual identity and, on the other, crossing and strengthening bridges that are very important for the world and the Church today: the bridge with the very fruitful age of the Church Fathers; the bridge with the Islamic world; and the bridge with the African continent,” the Pope explained.

He pointed out that his time in the country showed “the world that it is possible to live together as brothers and sisters, even of different religions, when we recognize ourselves as children of the same merciful Father.”

He also underscored that St. Augustine today is an important role model for Christians and not only, as “he is a master in the search for God and for truth.”

Populations thirsting for justice 

The Pope then travelled to the predominantly Christian countries of Cameroon, Angola and Equatorial Guinea, where he said he was warmly welcomed in a festive atmosphere.

He also emphasized how in these nations he saw the populations “thirsting and hungry for justice” and so came to them to recognize their faith and proclaim how “blessed are the poor, blessed are the meek, blessed are the peacemakers.”

Cameroon: Keep alive the spirit of unity to guide future choices

In Cameroon the Pope was able to “reinforce the call to work together for reconciliation and peace.” He especially highlighted his visit to Bamenda – an area in the Anglophone region marked by hostilities due to separatist groups – where he encouraged people to work for peace.


The Pope also explained that “Cameroon is known as ‘Africa in miniature,' in reference to the variety and richness of its natural environment, its resources.”

However, he continued, “we can also interpret this expression to mean that the great needs of the entire continent are found in Cameroon: the need for a fair distribution of wealth; the need to provide space for the young, overcoming endemic issues; that of promoting integral and sustainable development, countering the various forms of neo-colonialism with far-sighted international cooperation.”

He underlined that he hopes “that the spirit of unity which was evident during” his visit “may be kept alive and guide future choices and actions.”

Angola: A hope that withstands the empty promises of the powerful

In Angola, the Pope noted that despite a bloody civil war after achieving independence in 1975, “in the crucible of this history, God has guided and purified the Church, increasingly converting her in the service of the Gospel, human promotion, reconciliation, and peace.”

“A free Church for a free people!” he emphasized.


He also recalled that he “felt the beating heart of the Angolan people” at the Mamã Muxima Marian Shrine and was struck by seeing so many people of all ages participating and rejoicing at the various events.

He saw in them “the foundation of a hope that withstands the disappointments caused by ideologies and the empty promises of the powerful.”

He highlighted though that “this hope demands concrete commitment” and said the Church has the responsibility to recognize and promote the rights of all.

The Pope also assured the Catholic Church’s willingness to continue to help in this respect, especially “in the field of healthcare and education.”

Equatorial Guinea: Genuine signs of the Kingdom of God in a prison

The Pope then turned to the fourth leg of his Apostolic Journey and recounted the particularly strong moment when he visited a prison in the northwestern city of Bata.

“The prisoners sang at the top of their voices a song of thanksgiving to God and to the Pope, asking him to pray ‘for their sins and their freedom’. I had never seen anything like it,” he said.


“And then they prayed the ‘Our Father’ with me in the pouring rain. A genuine sign of the Kingdom of God!”

Then, the same day and still in the rain, the Pope met with young people in the city’s stadium in “a celebration of Christian joy, with moving testimonies from young people who have found in the Gospel the path to free and responsible growth.”

“This celebration culminated in the Eucharistic celebration the following day, which worthily crowned the visit to Equatorial Guinea, as well as the entire Apostolic Journey,” the Pope concluded.